What is Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that cause damage to the optic nerve, which connects the eye to the brain. This damage can lead to vision loss or blindness if left untreated. Glaucoma is often associated with increased pressure in the eye, but it can also occur with normal or even low intraocular pressure.

There are several types of glaucoma, but the most common form is called primary open-angle glaucoma. This type of glaucoma develops slowly over time and often has no symptoms in its early stages, which is why it is often referred to as the "silent thief of sight." As the disease progresses, peripheral vision may become impaired, and in advanced cases, central vision can also be affected.

Risk factors for glaucoma include age, family history of the disease, certain medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, and prolonged use of corticosteroid medications. Regular eye exams are important for detecting glaucoma early and preventing vision loss. Treatment options include eye drops, oral medications, laser therapy, and surgery.